Le glossaire ultime de la fabrication de vêtements
Estimated Reading Time: ~5 minutes
Introduction
From initial design to finished product, garment production relies on precise terminology and craftsmanship. Whether you’re a fashion designer, factory manager, or fabric buyer, mastering these key terms will streamline communication, quality control, and production efficiency.
1. Cutting & Patternmaking
- Cutting: Cutting fabric according to the pattern pieces, preparing for sewing.
- Drafting: Creating paper patterns from design sketches, defining measurements and proportions.
- Prototype: A preliminary sample garment based on the pattern, used to test fit and design.
2. Sewing Techniques
- Sewing: Joining fabric pieces by machine or by hand to form the garment.
- Seam Allowance: The overlap between fabric edges left for stitching, ensuring accurate finished dimensions.
- Seam: The stitched joint in a garment, critical for strength and appearance.
- Overlocking: Using a serger to finish raw edges and prevent fraying.
- Flat Seam: A flat, even seam often used on internal joins for comfort.
- Double Stitch: Two parallel stitches for extra durability and decorative effect.
- Binding: Encasing seam allowances with a narrow fabric strip for a neat finish.
- Topstitching: Decorative stitching on the garment surface that also secures seam allowances.
3. Details & Embellishments
- Zipper: A common closure element for garments and pockets.
- Button: Fastening element secured through a buttonhole, available in myriad styles.
- Buttonhole: The stitched opening for button insertion, machine- or hand-sewn.
- Dart: Folds sewn into fabric to shape the garment’s silhouette.
- Ruffle / Flounce: Decorative wavy edges that add romantic flair.
4. Structure & Silhouette
- Collar: The design and shape of the garment’s neckline (e.g., spread, stand).
- Sleeve: The style of the arm covering (e.g., raglan, puff).
- Waistline: The position and cut at the garment’s waist area.
- Hem: The finished bottom edge of a garment, folded or stitched.
- Lining: Inner fabric layer for comfort and improved drape.
- Shoulder Pad: Padding inserted at the shoulders to create structure.
5. Production & Customization
- Fabric: The primary material of a garment, including natural and synthetic fibers.
- Trims: Additional materials such as zippers, buttons, and lace for aesthetics or function.
- Mass Production: Large-scale manufacturing process focused on cost and efficiency.
- Custom-Made: Garments tailored to individual measurements and preferences.
- Ironing: Pressing the garment to smooth wrinkles and set creases.
- Quality Inspection: Checking finished garments for defects, size accuracy, and color consistency.
Appel à l'action
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